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II.
Special criteria for kidney transplantation *
It
is considered that the cadaveric organ donor is fit for
donation except in the following conditions:
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Donor
has one of the problems mentioned under general
criteria.
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Creatinine
is more than 2.5 mg/dl despite adequate fluid
replacement. (consult Saudi Center for Organ
Transplantation before deciding his
"un-fitness" for donation).
-
Donor
has chronic renal disease and/or uncontrolled
chronic hypertension. Mild diabetic patients or
patients with inactive SLE may be suitable for
donation. Consult Saudi Center for Organ
Transplantation in order to take suitable decision.
-
Presence
of viral infections like hepatitis B or HIV.
-
If
age of the donor is < 2 years or > 65 years,
he is not fit to donate. If the donor age is
unknown, decision is taken depending on his
physiologic age, his past medical history and serum
creatinine level. In all such cases the Saudi Center
for Organ Transplantation should be consulted.
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**
HBs Ag positive donor may be used for hepatitis B immune
patients or Hbs Ag positive patients on the condition that
they do not have active hepatitis, the decision being taken
for each case separately through discussion with Saudi Center
for Organ transplantation.
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III.
Special criteria for heart transplantation *
It
is considered that the cadaveric organ donor is fit for
donation except in the following conditions:
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If
the donor has one of the problems mentioned under
general criteria.
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Male
donors should be less than 40 years of age and
females less than 50 years. The Saudi Center for
Organ Transplantation should be consulted in all
cases. *
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The
heart should be normal on physical examination, ECG,
chest X-ray and two dimensional echo assessment and
cardiac enzymes should be within normal limits.
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If
the cadaveric donor is suffering from severe chest
trauma injuring the heart.
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If
cold ischemia time exceeds 5 hours.
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IV.
Special Criteria for lung transplantation
It
is considered that the cadaveric organ donor is fit for
donation except in the following conditions:
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If
donor has one of the problems mentioned under
general criteria.
-
If
the donor age exceeds 50 years for males and 55
years for females. The Saudi Center for Organ
Transplantation should be consulted in all cases.
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If
the past medical history of the donor reveals
evidence of chronic respiratory disease, or he was a
smoker, or if he has had thoracic surgery knowing
that a unilateral thoracic surgery does not affect
the stability of the other lung, or if he has had
bronchial disease or recurrent respiratory
infections.
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If
the donor has had trauma that has caused injury to
the lungs, exposure to toxic gases or fumes or
aspiration of gastric contents.
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If
the lungs were abnormal by clinical evaluation.
X-ray chest and blood gases examination performed
after putting the patient on Fi02 of 100% with PEEP
of 5 cm water for 5 minutes.
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If
the donor has purulent tracheobronchial secretions
and Gr's stain and possibly culture reveals
pathologic organisms.
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If
there is size incompatibility between donor and
recipient.
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*
In cases where an older donor's heart is to be used the donor
heart should be assessed non-invasively as well as invasively
including coronary angiography.
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V.
Special Criteria for liver transplantation *
It is considered that the cadaveric organ donor is fit for
donation except in the following conditions:
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If
donor has one of the problems mentioned under
general criteria.
- If
his age exceeds 50 years.
- If
his liver function tests are abnormal.
- If
there is alcohol and/or drug addiction.
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*
Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation should be consulted in
all the cases.
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VI. Special
criteria for corneal transplantation
It is
considered that the cadaveric organ donor is fit for donation
except in the following conditions:
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If
the donor has one of the problems mentioned under
general criteria.
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If
there is any disease of his eye like a tumor, active
conjunctivitis, any disease involving the cornea or
iris, or if a previous surgical procedure has been
performed on the eye, which has damaged the cornea.
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If
he has congenital rubeola.
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If
the time between donor cardiac arrest and corneal
harvesting exceeds 12 hours.
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Brain
death maintenance protocol *
The aim of brain
death maintenance is to obtain viable organs fit for
transplantation. To achieve this goal, the following measures
are suggested.
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Keep
systolic blood pressure > 100 mm Hg in adults by
giving appropriate fluids to keep CVP around 12 cm
water and the use of vasopressors as needed.
Dopamine singly or in combination with other
vasopressors is considered to be the best choice.
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Keep
urine Output between 80 to 100 ml per hour and
maintain balance between fluid intake and urine
output.
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Keep
blood gases in the normal level (paO2 = 100 mm Hg,
PaC02 =35mm Hg).
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Keep
acid-base status normal and maintain blood
electrolytes in the normal range.
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Diabetes
insipidus is a common complication in these patients
in which case vasopressin may be used if required,
to keep urine output between 1.5 to 3 ml/kg/hr.
-
Prevent
infection.
-
Maintain
core temperature within the normal limits using
either cooling or warming blankets.
-
The
eyes of the organ donor should be kept closed and
appropriate eye drops are used systematically.
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*
This protocol should be applied by the treating physicians or
ICU doctors to achieve the goals of brain-death maintenance in
co-operation with the nephrologists in the hospital and organ
transplant center. |
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